Ancient population · Chalcolithic

Portugal (Late Neolithic–Chalcolithic)

Name: Portugal (Late Neolithic–Chalcolithic) (Portugal_LN_C)
Creator: Genoplot

Portugal_LN_C

Portugal (Late Neolithic–Chalcolithic) is an ancient population in Genoplot's G25 reference catalogue (Portugal_LN_C), with 4 samples from Portugal, dated to c. 3500–2210 BCE.

Among ancient populations it sits closest to Almoloya Argar Early (Bronze Age, Spain), SW Iberia CA (Chalcolithic, Spain) and Iberia SW CA (Chalcolithic); the nearest living populations are Sardinia N, Sardinian and Basque Soule.

Its men carry Y-DNA haplogroup I2a (3); its mtDNA haplogroups include H, J1c, K1b and U5a.

Period: Chalcolithic
Date: c. 3500–2210 BCE
Country: Portugal
Sampled near: Cova da Moura 39.31, -9.15
Sites: Cova da Moura (3)
Dolmen Ansião
Samples: 4
Published in: MartinianoBradleyPLosGenet2017
OlaldeReichNature2018
Catalogue: Portugal_LN_C
Portugal_LN_C.SG variant

Nearest populations

Distance between population averages in scaled G25 space, ×100. Lower is closer. It says who resembles this population, not who descends from it; an nMonte model tests that.

Ancient
#	Population	Distance
1	Almoloya Argar Early (Bronze Age, Spain)`Spain_Almoloya_Argar_Early`	2.81
2	SW Iberia CA (Chalcolithic, Spain)`Spain_SW_Iberia_CA`	2.91
3	Iberia SW CA (Chalcolithic)`Iberia_SW_CA`	2.99
4	SE Iberia Argar (Bronze Age, Spain)`Spain_SE_Iberia_BA_Argar`	3.12
5	Almoloya Argar (Bronze Age, Spain)`Spain_Almoloya_Argar`	3.12
6	Almoloya Argar Late (Bronze Age, Spain)`Spain_Almoloya_Argar_Late`	3.16
7	Wales (Neolithic)`Wales_N`	3.23
8	Bastida Argar (Bronze Age, Spain)`Spain_Bastida_Argar`	3.24
9	Iberia Argar Almoloya Early (Bronze Age)`Iberia_Argar_Almoloya_Early`	3.31
10	Ireland (Neolithic)`Ireland_N`	3.36

Modern
#	Population	Distance
1	Sardinia N`Sardinia_N`	5.17
2	Sardinian`Sardinian`	5.28
3	Basque Soule`Basque_Soule`	6.77
4	Basque Navarre North`Basque_Navarre_North`	6.84
5	Basque Spanish`Basque_Spanish`	7.06
6	Basque Baztan`Basque_Baztan`	7.20
7	Basque Navarre Center`Basque_Navarre_Center`	7.22
8	Basque Lower Navarre`Basque_Lower_Navarre`	7.26
9	Basque Gipuzkoa`Basque_Gipuzkoa`	7.32
10	Basque Gipuzkoa Southwest`Basque_Gipuzkoa_Southwest`	7.33

Haplogroups

Y-DNA

3 men with a call

I2a1a1a1a1 I-L160 2
I2a1a2 I-L161

mtDNA

4 individuals with a call

Individuals 4

The samples behind this population in the catalogue. Sex, date, site and haplogroups are from the Allen Ancient DNA Resource; Y-DNA calls are mostly automatic, from the shown terminal SNP.

Sample	Catalogue entry	Sex	Date	Site	Y-DNA	mtDNA
`CovaMoura364_noUDG.SG`	`Portugal_LN_C.SG`	M	3700-2100 BCE	Cova da Moura	I2a1a2 I-L161	H
`CovaMoura9B_noUDG.SG`	`Portugal_LN_C.SG`	F	2950-2650 BCE	Cova da Moura		J1c1b
`DolmenAnsiao96B_noUDG.SG`	`Portugal_LN_C.SG`	M	3700-3300 BCE	Dolmen Ansião	I2a1a1a1a1 I-L160	K1b1a
`I4229`	`Portugal_LN_C`	M	2287-2141 calBCE	Cova da Moura	I2a1a1a1a1 I-L160	U5a2